Knowledge Base

The equipment listed below has been tested successfully with the following Baumer camera models featuring GigE interface. Products VisiLine® cameras VisiLine® IP cameras HXG cameras SXG cameras TXG cameras LXG cameras EXG cameras VCXG cameras MXG cameras VEXG cameras   Click here for more information

Chromatic-dispersion Based on complex spectral analysis of the optical field, the Apex Technologies Optical Complex Spectrum Analyser AP2441B/AP2443B is able to measure the chromatic dispersion and the group delay of a transmission line. This paper is dedicated to explain clearly the measurement method of two examples of a 13.2 km standard Single Mode Fibre (SMF) length using a 10 Gb/s...

Constellation-and-eye-diagram-qpsk This paper depicts the strong contribution of the Apex Technolgoies Optical Complex Spectrum Analyser AP2441B/AP2443B in characterising and evaluating 43 Gb/s DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Shift Keying) modulators thanks to its ability to display the phase eye pattern and the constellation. Low-drive-voltage (3.5 V) and uniform modulation characteristics of MZIs (Mach Zehnder Modulators) were achieved with Z-cut dual-drive nested-MZIs...

MZI-time-resolved-chirp-and-inetensity-measurement The spectrum of a chirped optical NRZ data stream obtained by an external Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM) is analysed using the Apex Technologies Optical Complex Spectrum Analyzer AP2441B/AP2443B. We  demonstrate that it is possible to induce chirp without broadening the optical spectrum by employing a MZM with optical power unbalancing in the two waveguides. For standard chirped MZM (different...

Instensity-and-chirp-temporal-parameters-of-a-MZI-modulator The discussion exposed in this paper is based on a synthesis of several elements collected in some publications dealing with fundamental characteristics of Mach-Zehnder electro-optic travelling wave intensity modulators. We draw an analysis of the optical response of these modulators to a time varying drive voltage, modelised after a description of their technological conception. Then we review the...

40gbs-qpsk-modulationptical Complex Spectrum Analyzer Application Notes This application note proves the high efficiency of the Apex Technologies Optical Complex Spectrum Analyser AP2441B/AP2443B in measuring and testing any kind of usual modulation formats. Compared to a standard oscilloscope, the Optical Complex Spectrum Analyser AP2441B/AP2443B has a maximum bandwidth >6 THz due the complex spectral analysis principle giving access to the...

Comb-pulse-and-chirp-measurement This paper is devoted to present the capacity of the Apex Technologies High Resolution Optical Spectrum Analyser/Optical Complex Spectrum Analyser to show clearly all the Optical Comb sidebands even with a few tens of MHz spacing. Two commercial Optical Frequency Comb Sources (OFCS) are evaluated by the equipment in order to verify the main specifications mentioned in OFCS datasheets...

Multi-level BPSK phase and power sequence (upper), constellation with transitions and tributary eye (lower) of the generated 80Gb/s sign Improved-speed full-monolithic BPSK transmitter based on prefixed phase switching by fast Electro-Absorption Modulators has been realized on InP using a Selective Area Growth integrating circuit technology. It has been used in 80Gb/s multi-level BPSK format modulation experiments. Simplicity, speed scalability...

Optical-complex-spectrum-anlyser-principle This paper explains clearly the patented method used by the Apex Technologies Optical Complex Spectrum Analyzer AP2441B/AP2443B developed in collaboration with France Telecom scientists. It is based upon a spectral analysis of the optical field; it extracts the amplitude and the phase of each frequency component (whereas classic optical spectrum analysers measure only the power spectral density, giving...

Optical spectrum of a 100 Gbps DP-MB-OFDM measured by the High Resolution Optical Spectrum Analyser The Apex Technologies Ultra High Resolution Optical Spectrum Analyser is a high efficient tool for generating and adjusting coherent Dual-Polarisation Multi-Band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DP-MB-OFDM) signals. This paper shows an experimental comparison of the DP-MB-OFDM signals and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying QPSK for...